Abstract:
To understand reproductive characteristics and nutritional composition changes of the “Zebra Ⅱ”, and to explore its cultivation effectiveness in the tidal flats of Zhuanghe waters, this study investigated and analyzed the seasonal variations in gonadal development and nutritional composition, as well as the annual amino acid profile, of the “Zebra Ⅱ” cultivated in the waters off Zhuanghe. Gonadal tissue sectioning and sex steroid hormone level analyses revealed two annual reproductive periods for “Zebra II”: May-June and September-October. Gonadal development was categorized into five phases: proliferative phase (January-March), growth phase (Late March-Early May), maturation phase (May-June), release phase (June-July/September-October), and quiescent phase (late July-early August/November-February). Sex steroid hormone levels peaked during the June maturation phase: estradiol (125.62 ng/g), progesterone (12.67 ng/g), and testosterone (1.27 ng/g) reached their highest concentrations. And quiescent phase (late July-early August/November-February). Sex steroid hormone levels peaked during the June maturation phase: estradiol (125.62 ng/L), testosterone (35.19 nmol/L), with a sex ratio of 1.04:1 (P > 0.05). Annual fluctuations in routine nutritional components of “Zebra II” soft tissue were as follows: moisture 72.23%-84.34% (annual average 80.30%), crude ash 9.52%-14.75% (annual average 11.98%), crude fat 2.70%-11.53% (annual average 8.40%), crude protein 51.60%-64.66% (annual average 57.85%), and muscle glycogen 7.34-11.50 mg/g (annual average 9.20 mg/g). Seventeen amino acid components were detected in “Zebra II”, with a total amino acid content (TAA) of 630.45 mg/g. Among these, glutamic acid (Glu), aspartic acid (Asp), and glycine (Gly) exhibited high abundance levels. Evaluated using amino acid scoring (AAS) and chemical scoring (CS), methionine (Met) was identified as the primary limiting amino acid. Research indicates that “Zebra II” can achieve stable reproduction through “double spawning per year” in the Zhuanghe coastal waters, with good year-round gonadal development. It is a high-protein, nutritionally valuable aquaculture bivalve well-suited to the low-temperature environment of northern tidal flats. These findings provide a reference for promoting “Zebra II” aquaculture and utilizing northern tidal flats.